Hydraulic motor



` m35-@5116K W (No Moden) W' GARRETT, Jr. 2 snts-snet 1.

HYDRAULIG MOTOR. No. 459,280. Patented Sept. 8,1891.

th' l Y n nl i @n @mal/51W" (No Model.) 2 snets-sheen 2. J. W. GARRETT, Jr.

Y HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

No. 459,280'. Patented Sept. 8, 1891.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

.IOHN w. GAERETT, JR., OF SPARTANEIIEG, SOUTH CAROLINA.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 459,280, dated September 8, 1891.

'Application tiled May 2l, 1891. Serial No. 393,588- (No model.)

. To all whom, t may concern;

-ent of the United States, granted me the 26th day of November, 1889, No. L)6,033

It is the purpose of my present invention to provide a hydraulic motor of this type having such simplified construction and arrangement of parts that the friction shall be materially diminished and the full power of the apparatus utilized in the operation of the pump.

It is my purpose, also, to so organize a mechanism of the kind specified that the forcing or pumping apparatus shall be actuated bya variable power which may be increased or decreased to the exact degree required by a Simple adjustment of one of the parts, there-- by adapting the mechanism to the different conditions which may be imposed by change of location, by variations in the volume of water supplied,and by the variable height to which the water is to be pumped.

It is my purpose, also, to provide and combine with apparatus of the character specified novel and simple means whereby water may be forced by the pump to more than one level at each stroke, or to several different points; or, if desired,several different kinds of water may be driven through as manyV separate pipes to one or more point-s, thereby adapting the mechanism to be used at points where a number-.of springs, each having water of a diiferent medicinal property, are found located within a short distance of each other.

My said invention also contemplates the provision of means whereby the descent of the loaded accumulators shall be cushioned to avoid shock, simplined and improved devices for guiding said accumulators, a novel construction of the valves by which these vessels-are filled and emptied, whereby they may be readily removed and replaced, and of novel means for holding the accumulators until they are filled to the required weight and then automatically releasing the same.

My invention also includes the provision of a construction and organization of parts whereby the same principle of operation may be applied to the same end by means of gearing intermediate of the rising and falling accumulators and the piston-rods of the pumps, whereby I am enabled to multiply the power or vary the stroke to any degree desired.

My said invention also contemplates and includes varied constructions and modifications in ar3angement or organization, all of which are clearly within the scope of my discovery, as will more fully appear hereinafter.

' The invention consists, to these ends, in the several novel features of construction and new combinations of parts, hereinafter fully disclosed, and then more particularly pointed out and defined in the claims concluding this specification.

To enable Others skilled in the art to which my invention pertains to make, construct, and use the same, I will proceed to givea detailed description of said invention, reference being had for such purpose to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a sectional elevation of an organized mechanism embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail section of part of one of the pump-cylinders, showing the inlet and part of the Outlet pipes with their valves. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the pump-cylinders with their inlet-pipes and service-pipe, showing a slight change in the arrangement of the inlets and outlets, whereby the pumps are converted from force into lift-pumps. Fig. 4 is a partial view taken from a point in line with the cylinders, showing the application of gearing for the transmission of power from the accumulators to the piston-rods of the pumps. Fig. 5 is aviewshowingaconstruction whereby a plurality of cylinders maybe employed,

their pistons being Operated by a single accumulator, or by each accumulator, each cylinder receiving water from a separate source and delivering it through a separate pipe.

In the said drawings the reference-numeral l indicates a tank or reservoir of any suitable character and constructed of any preferred size and from any suitable material,

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.at diametrically-opposite points.

such as lumber, masonry, or cement, or other suitable substance. Surrounding the tank and rising to a suitable height above the same is a substantially rectangular framework consisting of four uprights 2, connected immediately above the tank by horizontal timbers 3, between two of which extends a cross-brace 4. Within the tank and resting usually on the bottom thereof I arrange two vertical pump-cylinders 5, their upper ends rising above the water-level and abutting against the cross-brace 4, to which said ends may be fastened by bolts 5 passing through aflange 6. These cylinders are separated by a short interval and their lower closed ends are connected by pipes 7 with a T-j oint 8, fromv which rises a service-pipe 0. In each of the pipes 7, which form theoutletsforthe cylinders, are valve-chambers 10,in which are arranged puppetvalves 12, which open by the pressure of a stream flowing from the bottom of the cylinder and close against anyintiowing current. Upon the opposite side of each cylinder is an inlet or short water-supply pipe 13, having a Valve-chamber 14 and puppet-valve 15, similar to those in the outlet-pipes, said valve opening to admit the stream, which enters under the suction of the pump and the natural pressure of the water and closing as the outlet-valve opens. Vithin each cylinder is arranged a piston 1G, of any preferred form, reciprocated by a piston-rod 1 7, which extends upward, passing through an opening in the cross-brace 4 and rising some distance above the same. Upon each piston-rod is mounted a vessel 18, somewhat similar in form to a bucket, which is termed an accumulator These accumulatore may be Amade of sheet metal or any other suitable material and of any preferred size, according to the work. to be performed. The piston-rods pass through their bottoms and extend above their tops, the upper ends of said rods being preferably carried through segmental parts 19 of covers formed upon or rigidly connected to the top of the bucket and resting upon a collar 20, a nut 21, having a bale 22, being turned upon the upper end. To these bales are attached lthe ends of a chain, cord, strap, or similar connection 23.

.Iournaled in suitable bearings upon parallel timbers 24, which connect the upper ends of the uprights 2, is a shaft carrying a pulley 25 of comparatively large diam eter, over which the chain or strap 23 is carried, its length being such that when one piston is at the bottom of its cylinder the other will be raised to or nearly to the top of the other cylinder.

Between the cross-brace 4 and a similar brace 26, extended between timbers 27, which extend between the uprights 2 at a point a little below the timbers 24, are vertical rods or bars 28, passing outside the accu mulators 18 Upon opposite sides of each rod or bar are guide-rolls 28a, turning upon bearings carried by arms 29, extending from the accumulator, which is preserved in a correctJ position thereby as it rises and falls. fastened to the braces or timbers by nuts 30, turned upon their ends and bearing against opposite faces of said timbers.

In the bottom of each accumulator, at a point so located that it lies in the vertical plane of the cross-brace 4, are formed discharge-openings 31, which are opened and closed by valves, each consisting of a conical body 32, having several parallel stems 33 depending from the base ot` the conical body and lying in the discharge-opening, their ends projecting some little distance below the bottom of the accumulator. The conical body of the valve is usually made of wood and the stems of metal, though this is a matter of preference. As shown in the drawings, the valve-stems are four in number upon each valve; but it is evident that there maybe three only on each valve, or the number may loe more than four. These valves are opened by the descent of the accum ulators, by which the stems are brought into contact with the cross-brace 4, raising and holding the valve until the iiuid is discharged.

Immediately beneath the braces 27 and resting upon similar and `.parallel braces 34 is a trough or conduit 35, of any suitable form and construction, its ends extending beyond the frame on which it is supported to any required distance'. This trough or conduit is fed by any suitable or known means with a constant supply of water from a proper source, such as a stream or branch or one or more springs, from which the water may be conveyed in pipes, or, if necessary, raised to the altitude of the trough by a hydraulic ram or other means. This trough or conduit is larranged just without the plaire of the upright guide rods or bars, and in its bottom are formed two dischargeopenings 3G, solocated that one is over each accumulator. In these openings hang the stems 37 ot' valves 38, similar in all material respects to those already described. These valves are raised and lowered to open and close the discharge from the trough by the rise and fall of the accumulators, the segmental parts 19 of the covers abutting against the hanging stems as the occumulators rise and holding the valves open until a proper quantity is discharged.v

In order to sustain the accumulators until they receive a proper volume of water, I mount upon the sides of the trough or conduit, or upon supports vattached thereto, latches 39, pivoted upon pins 40 and vhaving extended ends which rise above the pivotal points and lie in keepers 41. From the boss .on each latch through which the pivot passes extends an arm 42, forming an angle with the latch-bar of ninety-degrees or less, the end of said arm extending above a collar 43 and in the path thereof, said collar being mounted on a vertically-movable stem 44, movable in guides 45, mounted on the timbers 24 and 26. Upon each stem, above one of the These rods or bars may bel IOO IIO

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guide-brackets 45, is mounted an adjustable stop 46 to limit the downward movement, and on the lower extremity of each stem is a float 47, which enters the accumulator as the latter reaches its upward limit of movement. The collars 43 are made adjustable upon the stems 44 by means of set-screws 48. Each latch is so located that the hook upon its end will drop under the edge of the segmental top 19of the accumulator as the upward movement of the latter is arrested. The accumulator will be sustained thereby as the water flows in until the water-level rises to such a point that the tioat is lifted and sufficient force exerted upon the angular arm of the latch by the collar 43 to trip thelatch and release the accumulator. It will be seen that the volume of water received by the latter will be controlled by the-position of the collar 43 or by the adjustment of the stop 46 or by both, and the apparatus may thus be regulated to act with a force exactly adapted to the requirements of each particular case, thereby avoiding waste of water on the one hand and obviating the necessity of altering the construction upon the other. I may extend the puinp-cylinders somewhat above the cross-brace 4, if preferred; but in any case springs 49 are so arranged as to cushion the loaded accumulator upon its descent and enable it to come to a stop without serious shock. It should be noted, also, that two, three, or more separate cylinders may be arranged beneath each accumulator, each having its individual piston and piston-rod and either discharging into a common service-pipe or into separate pipes. In the latter case the cylinders will be fed or supplied with water by separate pipes, which may be taken from separate water-sources, and 'thus waters of different kinds may be forced to the same or to diiferent points by the same mechanism; or the separate pipes may be carried to different points arranged upon diiferent levels. Moreover, it is an important feature of this invention that spring-water may be raised from a source or sources wholly distinct from that which supplies the tank and conduit. l

The modification referred to is shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, in which the numeral 5 indicates the cylinders, three of which are shown, though any required number from two upward may be used. These cylinders are arranged or grouped in any manner most convenient in order that their piston-rods 17 may all be connected directly to the same accumulator 18 in any suitable manner. Each cylinder is provided with a separate inlet 13, which usually brings the water from a separate and distinct source, such as a spring having. some marked medicinal or other quality. A separate service pipe or outlet 7 1, having a suitable valve, will also be provided in order that the water from each source may be kept from mingling with the other waters. I have shown the cylinders in this figure as extending u p through the cross-brace 4, as this construction may in some instances be preferred. It should be noted, also, that I may lead the inlet and outlet pipes into and out of each cylinder at the top, as shown in Fig.'3, thus con vert-ing the pumps into lift-pumps, in stead of forcing-pumps. In this case each pistonrod 17 will be provided with" a packing-head or stuffing-box 50, as shown. u

I may also substitute for the devices intermediate of the cylinders 5 and the accumulators 18, as already shown and described, the apparatus shown in Fig. 4, in which thepiston-rod of each cylinder is either provided with or composed of a rack-bar 51, movable in guide-brackets 52, mounted upon a suitable support 53. Geared with the rack 51 is a p inion 54, loose upon a shaft 5.5, and. meshing with this pinion is a spur-gear 56, of any suitable diameter, which is supported by .a shaft 57, on which it is loose. A similar pinion and spur-gear are arranged in like manner to actuate the rack-bar of the other cylinder. If the shafts 55 and 57 are long enough each to carry both the pinions 54 and both the spur-gears 56, it will be necessary to mount the saine loosely and have the shafts rigid. The said pinions and gears may, however, be mounted upon separate shafts, if preferred. The spurgears 56 are driven by rack-bars 53, movable in suitable guide-brackets 59, each rack-bar,

being attached to one of the aceumulators 18 in place of the piston-rod 17. The .remaining parts of the mechanism do not differ substantially from those already described.

It will readily be seen that by the mechanism described I may gain power by varying the diameter of the gears, each gain being accompanied by a corresponding loss in the volume of water raised.

I may use a rod 60 upon each valve in the conduit 35, arranged to strike the bottom of the accumulator as it rises, and in this case the segmental part- 19 of the cover will be dispensed with, a'suitable engagement for the latch 39 being substituted.

I may of course use two or more dischargeopenings in the conduit 35, to supply each accumulator, should greater expedition in {illing the latter be desired, or I may increase the size of the discharge-openings.

These machines may be made of any size desired, and may be used to supply towns with water, to raise Water to railway and other tanks, to pump water from any source or sources, for irrigation, and for other purposes too numerous to mention.

It should be stated that the cone-shaped valves in the conduit and in the accumulators are provided with a seating disk or annulus of metal, to which the stems are connected, and the .valve-seats in the discharge-openings for said valves are formed of flanged metallic collars, which are inserted in the openings until their flanges rest on the bottoms around the said openings, the collar proj ectin g below.

That I claim is 1. In a hydraulic motor, the combination,

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with separate pump-cylinders connected with service-pipes and having suitable valved inlets, of rising and falling accumulators having the piston-rods connected thereto, said accumulators being connected by a chain, cord, or strap passing over a pulley, a conduit ar ranged above the upper limit of movement and having valved openings arranged to discharge into the accumulators, latches sustaining the accumulators when raised, and floats arranged to enter the accumulators as the latter rise, said floats having stems carrying collars to trip the latches, the bottoms of the accumulators having valved openings, substantially as described.

2. In a hydraulic motor, the combination,

. With pump-cylinders receiving the Water to be raised and havingcommunication With the service-pipes, of accumulators having valved dlscharge-openings and connected by a chain or strap passing over a pulley above, said accumulatorsbein g connected to the piston-rods, a conduit arranged above the upper limit of movement and having valved discharge-openings, pivoted latches sustaining the accumulators when raised, and floats mounted on rising and falling stems having adjustable collars arranged to strike arms on the latches and trip the same, substantially as described.

3. In a hydraulic motor, the combination, With the separate pump-cylinders connected by valved pipes to a common service-pipe and having valved inlets, of rising and falling accumulators having discharge openings in their bottoms and provided With free valves having a plurality of stems lying in and depending below the said discharge-openings, piston-rods rigidly connected to said accu mulators and to a chain or strap passing over a pulley above, a conduit arranged beneath the pulley and provided With valved dischargeopenings, the stems of said valves being lifted by segmental parts of covers on the accumulators, pivoted latches sustaining the accumulators When raised, and floats carrying stems provided With adjustable stops and adjustable' collars, the latter tripping the latches as the floats are raised by the Waterin the accumulators, substantially as described.

4. In a hydraulic motor, the combination, with a plurality of cylinders connected to separate service-pipes, of connected accumulators carrying the piston-rods of said cylinders and havingvalved openingsin their bottoms, a conduit arranged above the upper limit of lmovement of said accumulators and provided Withvalvedopenings,pivotedlatches to sustain the accumulators While filling, and floats carrying stems having adjustable collars to trip the latches, substantially as described.

5. In a hydraulic motor, the combination,

with a plurality of cylinders, each having a separate inlet and a separate service-pipe or outlet, of a plurality of piston-rods, a single accumulator having a valved opening and connected to the group of said piston-rods, a second accumulator connected by a flexible connection passing over a single central pulley to the first accumulator and having a plurality of piston-rods operating in aplurality ot' cylinders, each having a separate inlet and service pipe, a conduit arranged above the accumulators and provided with valved discharge openings, valves having stems which are lifted by the rise of the accumulators to close said openings, pivoted latches engaging said accumulators as they rise and lift the valves in the conduit, floats adapted to enter the accumulators and provided with stems, and devicesl adjustably mounted on said'stems to trip the latches and release the accumulators when loaded, substantially as specified.

6. In a hydraulic motor, the combination, with one or more pump-cylinders having' each a valved inlet and outlet, of a piston-rod in each cylinder, an accumulator rigidly connected to said rod and having a flexible connection supported by a pulley With a similar accumulator, a conduit arranged above the K cylinders and accumulators and provided Wit-h valved openings for supplying the accumulators, valves lying in said openings and having stems which are raised by the accumulators, and automatic devices for sustaining the accumula-tors when raised and releasing the same when filled, said devices consisting of pivoted latches automatically engaging the raised accum ulators and tripped by floats which rise With the water entering the accumulators, substantially as described. 7. In a hydraulic motor, the combination,

With one or more pump-cylinders having suitable valved inlets and outlets, of piston-rods operating the pistons in said cylinders, accumulators connected to said piston-rods and to each other, a pulley over which the flexible connection passes, a conduit arranged above the accumulators and having valved discharge-openings to supply the accumulators when raised, automatic devices for sustaining the accumulators when raised, and floats operating adjustable releasing devices whereby the accumulator may be dropped when filled to the desired point, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my seal in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JOHN XV. GARR-ETT, JR. [L s] Witnesses:

JAMES L. NoRRIs, J AMns A. RUTHERFORD.

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